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J esus García Corona
Nacozari 's hero
CII
death anniversary (1907-2009)

Rarely in history has created heroes the right time to show your courage. In the fields of battle, the stories about the fallen heroes have been slow to receive recognition from the people. History, sometimes for generations takes and stops the glory and the recognition they deserve the most courageous heroes. In Mexico, the most prominent figures of the Mexican Revolution took almost forty years to receive recognition as heroes by the Congress. This was not the case of the young railroad Jesus Garcia Corona. No other civil hero in the history of Mexico that has received so much acclaim, tokens of appreciation and thanks so quickly as the hero of Nacozari. Only hours had passed since his death and is already singing the notes up an admirable martial composed expressly to his memory. Not a day passed without the hero, Jesus Garcia was proclaimed as a benefactor of mankind. The evening of events, the governor of Sonora was recognition of the great heroic gesture of the young railroad. The next day, national and international newspapers proclaiming the heroism of the hero Jesus Garcia Corona.


Jose Jesus Garcia Corona was born on November 13, 1883 in the city of Hermosillo, Sonora. Son of Mr. Francisco García Pino and Ms. Rosa García Corona, were his brothers Trinidad, Angel, Artemis, Rosa, Francisco, Manuel and Miguel. In 1898, the family decided to move to Nacozari place in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, was thriving mining and railway. It was in this mining town where he managed to establish itself as a good employee at the age of 17. His good performance in the mining company, allowed the position of locomotive engineer at the age of 20 years.

character was serious, modest and humble. He enjoyed horseback riding, proper dress, friends, dating girls and bring them to the orchestra serenaded the people. His personality reflected the style of the typical gay man Sonora. It was a carefree young of life, unaware of what fate had in store. His humility would have allowed him to accept the honors that the Mexican people would have to pay for decades after his death. All

heroic in the history of mankind is usually established by a sense of soul. An intimate feeling, good or bad, "but that drives the human being into the unknown. In 1907, that human feeling was present in the soul of Jesus Garcia. While many tried to escape, the young railroad's only 23 years, put above personal interests, the lives of thousands of people.

is the morning of Thursday November 7, 1907. Overcast skies seems to foreshadow the tragedy that will loom over the small mountain town. The night the cock crowed incessantly and the dogs were barking for no reason. In the morning, the smell of burnt wood greets the dawn that stands out among the hills of eastern and remain as silent witnesses of those historic events. Doña Rosa Corona sensed what would happen but for his son was a day of work. Doña Rosa, worried about what might happen, what a blessing fires warning to be careful. Jesus sits and party.

Upon arrival at the workplace, everything is normal. The machines are on and ready round trip to the "Future" and from there to the mine to supply Pillars of supplies to the miners. There are three late-model engines. Two of the machines hold the number 0-6-0 and vans were seen in the legend: The Moctezuma Copper Company - Phelps Dodge, Co. The engine that handles Jesus is number 02.

The working day continues with the monotony of always: turn on the boiler and make the trip daily. There is bad news. Albert Biel, the railroad train manager and the crew is in hospital. Jesus Garcia is up to assume command. His experience makes it easier to comply with the basic tasks ordered.

With the sound of the whistle and chime in unison, the machine and train on their journey to the mine pillars, located about 8 miles away and two thousand feet above the level of Nacozari. The train arrives at its destination at 7:45 am. The day continues and workers continue with their work that evening not knowing what will happen.

is 1:00 pm and have made two round trips to the mine. It is lunchtime. The proximity of your home allows Jesus to return with her mother to enjoy the meal, but before you go get some unexpected news: they need more material in the mine and five cars involved. Need to transfer one hundred and sixty cases of dynamite with their respective detonators. They do it without any problem.

completed its mission, Jesus returns home and finds his mother more concerned that in the morning. Have a bad feeling and begs his son to stay home. He tries to console his mother and says he lacks only two trips to the mine before the end of their journey. The sky is overcast and it looks like a strong storm is approaching. With the blessing of his mother returns to finish its work.

's 2:00 pm. The workers left dissipate the heat which has lowered the steam pressure. The brakeman José Romero and Jesus try to feed the fire to increase the pressure, but realize a serious problem: the chimney of the machine is damaged. The wire strainer that covers the top to prevent embers from escaping from the boiler is broken. The mechanical department workers have ignored the situation. This represents a serious problem because the crew had settled the vans with dynamite behind the machine, ignoring the security measures that forbid it. Just then, strong winds throw sparks and embers from the fireplace by the broken side along the engine and fall into the first two gondolas on the boxes of dynamite.

The fire is not expected. The crew tries to smother the flames, but the wind intensifies the fire. Is useless. The river carries water, but is far away. Ignites the dynamite, but without explosion. Under the load is fescues and detonating when the fire reaches them, will explode the dynamite. The site where the locomotive will be conducive to a chain reaction with fatal results. A few meters away, is the explosives store approximately 45,000 kilos of dynamite. There are also huge tanks that generate and store gas. To the north, a short distance from the fire, department stores are situated chemicals, paints and fuels. The disaster is imminent.

At present, the bride of Jesus is not too far away, at home. His nephew, just ten days old, sleeps in his sister's house. There were many people in the streets, and the deaths and accidents could reach hundreds or thousands. The weather does not let up. We must act with haste. Aware of the danger, many have left the place to seek refuge, but Jesus Garcia took the radical decision that will perpetuate the story. Takes its place in the booth, clutching the handle of the steam and orders the crew to leave the train. Once in front of the locomotive, the future of the village is literally in your hands. The only one that comes with it is Jose Romero, the brakeman. Jesus' plan is simple: make the locomotive reach the highest level and jump immediately, allowing the machine to follow the slope away from the village to do blast. Once underway, and rapidly uphill, asked Romero to leave the train. This is due, jump and finds refuge in a nearby sewer. Missing about 50 meters to reach the plateau nearest to leave the train. Jesus gives one last look back and see the people, aware that perhaps this is the last time you see him again.

2:20 pm. From the six kilometer road to Pilares, three consecutive explosions shake the ground. A huge black cloud dissipates it through the air throwing irons, carvings, roads and other objects falling on the roofs of houses. The gondolas that carried the dynamite away completely and the machine lies shattered in a huge crater. The explosion is so strong that the windows of nearby buildings explode into pieces. The blast was heard 16 miles away. Collective panic grips the inhabitants, who scared seek refuge in nearby places. In the village no one knows exactly what happens. When things calm down, people regains consciousness and is aware of the situation. Commissioner Joseph B. Terán arrives with a squad of police to the scene. There are several dead and several wounded. The body of Jesus Garcia was found at a distance of twenty feet, burned and destroyed in such a way that was almost beyond recognition. They identify through their boots. He died instantly, but had managed to save the lives of thousands of people at the expense of yours. He

cloudy sky is unable to continue to hold the rain and unloading on the town a major storm. Throughout the night, heavy rain soaked the land and cleanses the blood of a new hero in the history of Mexico. That same night, watch the body of the young hero, while the orchestra of the people running the place that bears his name. José Romero, severely shaken by the magnitude of the explosion, constantly repeated: "This night, until sky is crying! "

Since that November 7th is now over 100 years. Time marches on uninterrupted, but the hero is still present in the life of Mexican people, but especially in Nacozari Garcia. The identity of this community is closely connected with his past, with significant developments that make the identity is constructed, reaffirm and reassess with the passage of time.

By putting his life for others, Jesus Garcia Corona was elevated to the glory of his achievement and for his integrity as a human being. That glory was granted from the day of his tragic death. The commotion caused the unusual act it poured like wildfire and immediately reported the region, state, nation, even abroad. The heroic act that is conferred is clear, sincere and authentic. "To be a hero," says the Mexican historian Patricio Estevez-"did not need to join anyone or do battle in their own or foreign war, was enough to be a man, brother of the man ..." (Estevez 1984).'s Hero by the act itself and so he went and is long recognized.

The validity of the heroism of Jesus Garcia Corona lies in the extent that it has had from the various surveys that have been submitted. Among these outstanding legal, museums, institutions, streets and squares named after him, and hundreds of monuments have been erected in his memory throughout Mexico and abroad. These awards allow us to appreciate the extent to which the event has been beyond the borders of the state and country, because despite having been "... staged in a town ignored, featuring a humble worker, is a local fact of secondary importance but in its broader guidelines ... highlights elements that concern the human race, the most basic feelings [...] and in this respect, is of universal interest "(Terán 1967).

In the state of Sonora have enacted various laws to venerate the memory and heroism of the hero Jesus Garcia Corona. The legal framework in the state has the following legal regulations:

• In November 1909 the Sonora State Legislature passed a law that officially changed the name of the station Nacozari to "Nacozari Garcia" in honor of railroad hero ;

• In 1964, H. Sonora State Congress enacted the "Act declaring solemnly in the State of Sonora on 7 November each year to commemorate the heroic deeds of Jesus Garcia"

• In 1966, H. Sonora State Congress passes a law declaring Jesus Garcia Corona as "illustrious son" of the city of Hermosillo and declares the Cerro de la Campana as a permanent monument to his memory;

• On November 7, 2007, in part of the celebration of the centenary of mourning for Jesus Garcia Corona, H. Sonora State Congress enacts a law declaring Nacozari Garcia as the state capital for one day.

addition, in October 1963 formed in the State of Sonora, the group "Jesus Garcia, Nacozari Hero", certified as a civil partnership on 23 February 1981.

No less important is the recognition that the hero has received nationwide, among which are the following:

• On November 7, 1939 issued a declaration that placed the population of Nacozari Garcia as interim capital Mexico under the 32nd anniversary of the heroic deeds of Jesus Garcia,

• From November 7, 1944 is celebrated in Mexico on the National Day of Railroad;

• In 1957, the Mexican Postal Service issued a postage stamp to commemorate the 50 th death anniversary of the death of Jesus Garcia,

• On November 7, 1967, to mark the 60th anniversary of the death of Jesus Garcia, the federal government decreed the nationalization of the rail system running the railway Nacozari incorporated into the national rail system;

• In 2007, the Mexican Postal Service reissued a stamp to commemorate the first anniversary of the heroic deeds of the hero of Nacozari.



The heroic feat of Jesus Garcia has crossed borders. His incomparable act of human evolution has achieved recognition in different countries.

• The day after his heroic deed, Jesus Garcia was the focus of some American newspapers such as the International-American Daily and The Arizona Daily Star , which devoted its front page to describe events;

• In 1914, American author Charles Edward Locke, in his A Man's Reach or Some Character Ideals presents a summary of Jesus Garcia, in which he acknowledges his heroism

• In 1921 was established in Guatemala a public library Mexico under the name "Jesus Garcia-Hero Nacozari ;

• The United States offered granting him a posthumous tribute Medal "The Royal Cross of Honor" established by the United States Congress;

• In 1934, the U.S. was in the movie "The Nacozari hero under the direction of William Street;

• In the decade 60s, Jesus Garcia entered the Hall of Fame American Railroad (Portland, Oregon, USA). The then manager of the institution, CJ Kennan, delivered to the President of Mexico, Adolfo López Mateos and diploma document attesting to the railroad hero as a member of that institution;

• In September 2001, Jesús García entered the Hall of Fame American Mining in Leadville, Colorado.

both Mexico and the United States have published various literary works describing the heroic deeds and recognize the value of the young railroad Jesus Garcia Corona. Highlights:

• Nacozari 's hero (1926) Juan de Dios Bojorquez
• Nacozari 's hero (1948) Lydia Blanca Trejo
• Biography Nacozari Hero (1950) Manuel Sandomingo
Jesus Garcia, the hero of the world (1957) David Lopez Molina
Jesus Garcia, the hero of Nacozari (1968) Cuauhtémoc L. Terán García
Goodbye, Farewell (1976) Don Deder
In Search of Jesus Garcia (1989) Don Deder
The explosion (1997) Angel Rafael Rentería G


The humility characterized Jesus Garcia would not have allowed to accept the awards that have been offered over the years. It was a serious man who knew the human value and that did not matter laid down his life for the integrity of a people. Jesus Garcia lives! Yes, in people of the town that now bears his name in memory and the memory of generations of Mexicans and the essence of the hero who stands before us with fragments of the time that relates to this community. Jesus Garcia and heroic meanings of cohesion have forged a social conscience and a host of values \u200b\u200band representations in the community nacozarense (Carlyle 1985).

Today, to mark the centenary of the inauguration of the monument to Jesus Garcia Nacozari-and under one hundred and second anniversary of the feat was immortalized as a hero, Mexicans must reflect on the recognition we have offered our hero railroad. The monuments and other commemorative events are only material and surface surveys. The real hero of Nacozari recognition will imitate her selfless spirit. In Mexico today, we must imitate the feeling of service to others. Work together to form a better people, which is worth the sacrifice of the young railroad man whose spirit of giving him to position it among the most illustrious heroes of Mexican history. Let us follow his example of dedication and spirit of service.

Nacozari Garcia gave the world an example to follow. Gave Mexico a civilian hero stands out among other, a young man with a promising future, despite his young age, knew how to do the right thing at a crucial time when the future of thousands of people were in their hands. Accepted with courage and heroism that fate had prepared. Was called before his death, Jose Jesus Garcia Corona, is now called: The hero of humanity.

"The greatest man I met was a Mexican worker ... Jesus Garcia, tall and handsome driver, was my idol. To date it is. "

- Lewis W. Douglas

U.S. Ambassador in England (1947-1950).



MONTAÑO VASQUEZ MARGARITA ROSARIO Student
degree in History at the University of Sonora

JESUS \u200b\u200bIBARRA ERNESTO JAW
undergraduate student in Political Science at the University of Arizona


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